{"id":7239,"date":"2021-08-20T00:04:27","date_gmt":"2021-08-19T22:04:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/digitalhistory.unite.it\/system-of-councils\/"},"modified":"2021-11-23T15:28:00","modified_gmt":"2021-11-23T14:28:00","slug":"system-of-councils","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/digitalhistory.unite.it\/en\/territories\/regional-routes\/duke-of-lerma\/lerma-and-the-beginning-of-the-valimiento\/system-of-councils\/","title":{"rendered":"System of Councils"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>System of Councils <\/h1>\n<div class=\"testo\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span>During the Early Modern period (sixteenth-seventeenth centuries), the Spanish Monarchy had a complex system of councils, in which the activity of the government of the sovereign was assisted by the work of numerous <em>Consejos<\/em> (Councils). They were generally comprised by the highest members of the Castilian aristocracy, but were also open to bureaucratic experts in specific matters. Introduced in different historical periods, the <em>Consejos<\/em> were seen often surpassed by extraordinary commissions, the <em>juntas<\/em>, especially during periods of government dominated by powerful favourites such as the Duke of Lerma and the Count Duke of Olivares (1587-1645). If the <em>Consejo de Estado<\/em> (Council of State) and the <em>Consejo de Guerra<\/em> (Council of War), presided over by the king himself, and therefore without a president, no doubt enjoyed greater importance, the <em>Consejo de Hacienda<\/em> (Council of finance), which was in charge of operations and financial condition of the monarchy, was also of central importance. In addition to other Councils that extended their sovereignty over all the territories of the Habsburg Monarchy (<em>Consejos de Inquisici\u00f3n<\/em>, <em>Cruzada<\/em>&nbsp;and <em>\u00d3rdenes<\/em>), there were others which were responsible for the management of issues relating to individual kingdoms and regions. In addition to the <em>Consejo de Castilla<\/em> &#8211; in which the first court of the kingdom operated, the <em>C\u00e1mara de Castilla<\/em> &#8211; there were also the <em>Consejos<\/em> of Aragon, Portugal, the Indies, Italy and Flanders.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>System of Councils During the Early Modern period (sixteenth-seventeenth centuries), the Spanish Monarchy had a complex system of councils, in which the activity of the government of the sovereign was assisted by the work of numerous Consejos (Councils). They were generally comprised by the highest&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":6394,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7239","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/digitalhistory.unite.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7239","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/digitalhistory.unite.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/digitalhistory.unite.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digitalhistory.unite.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digitalhistory.unite.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7239"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/digitalhistory.unite.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7239\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11359,"href":"https:\/\/digitalhistory.unite.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7239\/revisions\/11359"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/digitalhistory.unite.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6394"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/digitalhistory.unite.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7239"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}